@article{oai:tokyo-metro-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008113,
 author = {ムナカタ, トウマ and Munakata, Toma and 宗像, 冬馬},
 journal = {社会学論考},
 month = {Dec},
 note = {本稿は後期Wittgenstein思想の社会学的意義の再検討を試み，その中で自然主義解釈の社会学理論的展開の可能性を探る．そして自然主義と分析社会学を結びつけることを提案する．後期Wittgensteinの社会学的利用は，言語ゲーム概念と規則をめぐる諸考察に集中している．そこからいかなる理論や方法に繋げるかによって整理すると，大別して（1）論理文法分析・概念分析の方法，（2）意味のシステム論，（3）言語ゲーム論，（4）コミュニケーションと他者の理論，（5）実践と再生産の理論，（6）自然主義の6 つがある．そこには共通する論点がある．第一に，実践と規則の相互関係が基礎となる．第二に，実践が依存するコンテクストは多元的で複雑である．第三に，慣習的実践や規則の研究では意味と自然の領域が区別される．これらを基礎としつつ，実践／規則，理論／方法，意味／自然の区別のどこに着目するかで立場が分かれる．中でも，最も曖昧だが特異な視座を有する自然主義は，記述／説明の区別を導入すれば，説明を志向するものと見なせる．そして自然主義の社会学的位置づけの明確化とさらなる豊饒化の手段として分析社会学の視点が有望である．自然的・因果的メカニズムを説明する試みとして，後期Wittgensteinの自然主義と分析社会学は手を取り合える．, Ludwig Wittgenstein presented an interesting idea “language-game” and a famous problem: No course of action can be determined by a rule. Especially this “rule-following problem” has been commonly recognized as one of the most important issues in sociology as well as philosophy. In fact, most of the famous sociologists have referred to Wittgenstein’s later thought, depending on their subjects and interests. In other words, the contemporary sociological theories are more or less based on Wittgenstein. This paper attempts to reconsider the sociological significance of Wittgenstein’s later thought by examining how sociologists have understood and used his thought. I intend to develop new perspective derived from naturalistic interpretation. First, I briefly survey Wittgenstein’s later thought focusing on “language games” and “rule-following problem.” Second, I examine the previous sociological studies on Philosophical Investigations, particularly on “rule-following problem.” I divided these studies broadly into six types: (1) methods of concept analysis, (2) theories of system of meaning, (3) theories of language-game, (4) theories of communication and otherness, (5) theories of practice and reproduction, (6) naturalism. There are three common issues: (a) mutual relation between practice and rule, (b) plurality and complexity of the context of practice, (c) distinction between meaning and nature. Third, I focus on naturalism and attempt to develop sociological theory derived from it. Based on naturalistic reading, Wittgenstein analyzed rules and life thoroughly and finally arrived at human nature. Therefore, the possibility of deriving a new sociological theory from naturalism of Wittgenstein’s thought is based on “life” and “nature,” not “language-game.” Finally, I suggest that a new sociological theory derived from naturalism of Wittgenstein’s later thought can be based on analytical sociology. By this theory, we will attempt to explain the natural and causal mechanisms., postprint},
 pages = {1--20},
 title = {実践と社会的メカニズムの説明に向けて : 後期Wittgensteinの社会学的意義の再検討},
 volume = {40},
 year = {2019}
}