@article{oai:tokyo-metro-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:02000564,
 author = {SUSAKI, Seiji},
 journal = {Geographical reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University},
 month = {},
 note = {Cruising by gay men in urban areas is recognized as a form of resistance to heteronormativity. However, cruising in public spaces involves risky practices. The purpose of this study was to identify the evolution of risks and related countermeasures associated with cruising in public spaces in Japan. I created a database of cruising spots based on Japan’s gay magazine, Barazoku and coded the risks. “Victimization by professionals,” “police investigation,” and “gay bashing” were identified and shared as direct and immediate risksin cruising spots. These risks were categorized as risks from professional sex workers who are assumed to be gay or men who have sex with men, those who have public authority, and heterosexuals who are homophobic. The risks increased or decreased over time, with more risks from professionals and police investigations reported in the early years and more reports of gay bashing since the 1990s. Barazoku also shared measures to mitigate these risks. However, some of these measures were not feasible and gay bashing was always considered difficult to address. This study is significant because it clarifies not only the risks associated with cruising spots, where public space is at the same time a private space, but also the existence and usefulness of countermeasures against such risks},
 pages = {73--80},
 title = {The risks and countermeasures in cruising spots of public spaces in Japan from the 1970s to the early 2000s},
 volume = {59},
 year = {2024}
}