@article{oai:tokyo-metro-u.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010024,
 author = {Akasaka, Ikumi},
 journal = {Geographical reports of Tokyo Metropolitan University},
 month = {},
 note = {This study investigates the diurnal cycle of surface winds and their seasonal differences in rescued data containing the hourly wind direction (WD), wind speed (WS), and daily rainfall at Manila, the Philippines, from 1890 to 1900. The seasonal differences in the diurnal cycle of surface wind were largest between the rainy season (June to September) and the dry season (January to April). In the driest month (February), the appearance ratios of SW–WNW and E–SE winds were highest from 09 to 15 local time (LT) and from 16 to 24 LT, respectively. This diurnal cycle of WD became unclear from May to September. Particularly, during the August–September, the appearance ratio of SSW–WSW winds remained high for most of the day. These seasonal changes in diurnal WD cycle might be closely related to the full development of the SW monsoon. In October when the rainy season started to withdraw, the diurnal cycle of WD observed in February reappeared. The WS in all months was higher during the daytime than during the night, peaking from 15 to 16 LT in August and at 13 LT in December. The WS fell to below 1 m/s from 01 to 07 LT during the dry season.},
 pages = {1--8},
 title = {Diurnal cycle of surface wind and its seasonality at Manila, Philippines from 1890 to 1900},
 volume = {58},
 year = {2023}
}